Mistake theory, as articulated by Daniel Schmachtenberger, envisions the primary roots of conflict and dysfunction within human systems as largely stemming from errors in individual and collective understanding. Rather than attributing societal ills to malicious intent or inherent adversarial opposition, mistake theory posits that the majority of problems can be traced back to misinformation, inadequate epistemic frameworks, or poorly synthesized knowledge. Schmachtenberger emphasizes the importance of fostering environments that prioritize open dialogue, continual learning, and collaborative problem-solving. By recognizing that our cognitive and informational limitations often generate unintended negative consequences, mistake theory advocates for a compassionate and systematic approach to resolving conflicts, where the focus is on correcting misunderstandings and refining our collective intelligence, rather than seeking to defeat or vilify opposing parties.

See also: decision making, conflict theory, collective action, confirmation bias, game theory